SOVIET-UKRAINIAN (1917–1918) AND RUSSIAN-UKRAINIAN (2014–2024) WARS: HISTORICAL ANALOGIES
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.26661/Keywords:
Ukrainian People’s Republic, Ukraine, Soviet-Ukrainian war, Russian-Ukrainian war, hybrid war, army of the Ukrainian People’s Republic, army of UkraineAbstract
Considering the historical analogies of the Soviet-Ukrainian (1917–1918) and Russian-Ukrainian (2014–2024) wars is an important and relevant study, tak- ing into account today’s military present. The Soviet-Ukrainian (1917–1918) and Russian-Ukrainian (2014–2024) wars are similar in nature and essence, because they are a struggle for Ukrainian statehood. The Ukrainian People’s Republic in 1917 and Ukraine in 1991 emerged on a political map with clear borders and a democratic vector of development. However, having geograph- ical coexistence with dictatorial and hostile state formations in the form of the RSFSR and the Russian Federation, Ukraine was automatically doomed to aggression from Russia. The full-scale Soviet-Ukrainian (1917–1918) and Russian-Ukrainian (2014–2024) war was preceded by a hybrid scenario of aggression. Its beginnings in these wars can be traced back to the organi- zation of the uprising by the Bolsheviks in Kyiv on November 8, 1917 and the beginning of the annexation of Crimea on February 20, 2014. Howev- er, hybrid Russian aggression grew into full-scale open wars that officially began on December 21, 1917 and February 24, 2022. It is noted that the Russian invasion took place along similar routes in both wars – from Donetsk region, Kharkiv region and Belarus. Military voluntary self-organization of Ukrainians, together with the existence of Ukrainized units, became a reliable support of Ukrainian statehood in the Soviet-Ukrainian (1917–1918) and Russian-Ukrainian (2014–2024) wars. It is indicated that the Battle of Kruty on January 29, 1918 and the Battle of Kruty on March 28 – March 1, 2022 are important and turning points in the specified wars, becoming an important component of the great battle for Kyiv. It was emphasized that in these wars, the Ukrainian political leadership pays great attention to the national minori- ties of Ukraine, because in addition to the Ukrainian people, representatives of national minorities and foreigners are also involved in the armed struggle for Ukrainian statehood.
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