З ІСТОРІЇ СТАНОВЛЕННЯ ПЕДАГОГІЧНОЇ ОСВІТИ У ХАРКОВІ В 1917–1925 рр.

Abstract

The Ukrainian school began to form in the spring of 1917 – three national Ukrainian gymnasiums were established in Kyiv, and then other Ukrainian cities followed the example of Kyiv – Poltava, Chernihiv, Odesa, Kharkiv, Kat- erynoslav, Kamyenyets and other cities. Authors study the process of the for- mation of national educational system in Kharkiv at the beginning of the 20-th century. It begins with creating a Ukrainian gymnasium and a labor school, during the revolutionary period and the first years of Soviet system. Govern- ment policy during the period under study was focused on the Ukrainization of education and the involvement in the educational process of outstanding teachers, scientists, philanthropists and public figures who made a signifi- cant contribution to the preservation of the historical and cultural heritage of Ukraine. The teachers were, especially Oleksii Synyavskyi, Mark Johansen, and Dmytro Bahaliy. Among the contingent of educational institutions were the children of the Ukrainian national and regional intelligentsia, party fig- ures, entrepreneurs and the proletariat. The development of education took place in difficult economic conditions: shortage of teaching staff and material and technical base, frequent delays for teachers. Based on the documents of the Kharkiv city archive, the role of educators in perpetuating the name of Hryhorii Skovoroda in toponymies was established – the installation of a monument to the philosopher, the renaming of the village of Pan-Ivanivka to Skovorodynivka, and the granting of the philosopher’s name to three-year pedagogical courses.